航空发动机压气机内气液非平衡冷却特性研究

针对航空涡轮发动机来流雾化冷却对压气机内气动脉动的影响,考虑壁面液膜成形和运动,基于欧拉-拉格朗日多相流方法解析气液两相热质非平衡传输过程,应用快速傅里叶变换方法将压气机性能参数随旋转周期演变规律的时域脉动敏感性转化为频域功率谱密度的直观分析。结果表明,压气机内气液非平衡蒸发相变易诱发流场在时间和空间上非定常的气动脉动,雾化冷却参数与总温比成线性关系,而与总压比和效率均成非线性关系。在雾化量0.5%~5%和雾化平均粒径1~9 μm范围内,较低的雾化量或较小的雾化平均粒径时,时域总压比的脉动程度更大;在较低的雾化量或较大雾化平均粒径时,时域总温比的脉动程度更强;而在较高的雾化量或较大的雾化平均粒径时,时域效率脉动程度更高。同时,雾化冷却量变化对湿压缩过程中流场的时域脉动敏感性程度大于雾化粒径变化。     

时变等离子鞘套相位抖动对GPS导航的影响

飞行器再入过程中产生的时变等离子鞘套会引起信号的时变衰减和相位抖动,其产生的相位抖动对调相体制的GPS导航系统必然产生影响。探讨了时变等离子鞘套引起信号相位抖动的机理,通过传输矩阵法计算了由时变等离子鞘套引起GPS导航信号的相位抖动的统计特性,结合Hilbert方法建立了受到相位抖动影响的GPS信号模型,研究了黑障发生前等离子鞘套的相位抖动对GPS导航的影响。仿真结果表明GPS导航受到影响的程度和相位抖动方差大小密切相关。在NASA数据下相位抖动方差为0.1142时,定位变化大于10m的最大比例超出了1.5%,大于5m的最大比例超出了14%。     

齿轮时变系统对扭矩激励的响应

在考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、啮合阻尼和输入、输出扭矩波动的情况下,建立了具有周期性时变系数的齿轮系统线性动力学方程,用A算符方法(AOM)求出了该动力学系统的近似解析解。根据计算结果,A算符方法(AOM)克服了谐波平衡法的缺点,能够得到系统响应的所有频率成分,计算精度更高;与数值法相比,可取较大步长,省时间,效率高;系统受到内部或外部激励时,响应中含有同频、倍频、差频及和频成分。      

“速度积分”匹配传递对准方法研究

传递对准时,飞机机翼的弹性变形会对挂在机翼上导弹的子惯导系统的对准精度产生很大的影响。本文研究了"速度积分"匹配传递对准方法,通过与速度匹配和"速度+姿态"匹配方法的仿真结果进行比较得出以下结论:"速度积分"匹配方法比速度匹配和"速度+姿态"匹配方法更适用于机翼存在较大弹性变形时的传递对准。另外,此种方法对由时间延迟所引起的时间标记偏差也有比较好的估计效果。     

空间尘埃等离子体中尘粒电荷的相关涨落对尘埃磁声波的影响

本文运用自洽的三流体方程组, 考虑了尘埃的充电过程, 得到均匀磁化尘埃等离子体中垂直于磁场传播的尘埃磁声波的色散关系, 结合空间环境讨论了尘埃电荷的相关涨落对尘埃磁声波的影响.      

火星空间磁场低频波动

波动是无碰撞等离子体中能量重新分配的重要途径。对波动的研究有助于更准确地认识太阳风与火星的相互作用,认识火星空间环境的特征。介绍了火星空间中常见的几种磁场低频波动,包括离子回旋波（Ion-CyclotronWave,ICW）、磁流体动力学（MagnetoHydro Dynamic,MHD）波、镜像模波、哨声波以及磁场锯齿状波动,总结了这几类波动的特征和可能的形成机制,说明不同种类的波动所反映的不同的物理过程。由于波粒相互作用在火星离子逃逸的过程中起到了重要作用,波动可影响火星环境的演化。     

转子动力学优化设计

优化设计可以使转子支承系统具有先天优良的转子动力学特性, 优化支承的刚度与阻尼系数是使转子支承系统获得优良动力学特性的有效途径。本文采用传递矩阵-拟模态综合法分析转子支承系统的动力特性-临界转速、不平衡响应以及对支承动力参数灵敏度分析, 进而对支承动力参数作优化设计。本文所提出的方法已经过算例、模型试验及工程应用的证实。      

Angular velocity determination of spinning solar sails using only a sun sensor

The direction of the sun is the easiest and most reliable observation vector for a solar sail running in deep space exploration. This paper presents a new method using only raw measurements of the sun direction vector to estimate angular velocity for a spinning solar sail. In cases with a con-stant spin angular velocity, the estimation equation is formed based on the kinematic model for the apparent motion of the sun direction vector;the least-squares solution is then easily calculated. A performance criterion is defined and used to analyze estimation accuracy. In cases with a variable spin angular velocity, the estimation equation is developed based on the kinematic model for the apparent motion of the sun direction vector and the attitude dynamics equation. Simulation results show that the proposed method can quickly yield high-precision angular velocity estimates that are insensitive to certain measurement noises and modeling errors.     

一种小型固体运载火箭末级多约束制导方法

针对耗尽关机的固体运载火箭末级多约束制导问题，提出了在真空飞行段设计一种具有速度管控能力的多约束制导方法。同时针对速度管控引起的状态矢量耦合问题，基于定点制导算法推导出一种适用于耗尽关机制导的拓展理论算法，通过求解交变姿态速度管控方向实现对耦合项的抑制；并对大气层外“助推-滑行-助推”的任务模式，在此理论基础上推导出滑行点火时间、〖JP2〗需要速度矢量与终端轨道根数之间的理论关系，解决了固体运载火箭在固定弧长条件下的两点边值问题。蒙特卡洛仿真结果表明：该制导算法对不同载荷任务具有较强的适应能力，对模型的参数偏差及不确定性具有高制导精度和强鲁棒性，因此该算法具有一定的理论意义和工程应用价值。     

Initial accuracy and reliability of current BDS-3 precise positioning,velocity estimation,and time transfer (PVT)

The primary system of Chinese global BeiDou satellite system (BDS-3) was completed to provide global services on December 27, 2018; this was a key milestone in the development process for BDS in terms of its provision of global services. Therefore, this study analyzed the current performance of BDS-3, including its precise positioning, velocity estimation, and time transfer (PVT). The datasets were derived from international GNSS monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) tracking networks and the two international time laboratories in collaboration with the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). With respect to the positioning, the focus is on the real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning and precise point positioning (PPP) modes with static and kinematic scenarios. The results show that the mean available satellite number is 4.8 for current BDS-3 system at short baseline XIA1–XIA3. The RTK accuracy for three components is generally within cm level; the 3D mean accuracy is 8.9 mm for BDS-3 solutions. For the PPP scenarios, the convergence time is about 4 h for TP01 and BRCH stations in two scenarios. After the convergence, the horizontal positioning accuracy is better than cm level and the vertical accuracy nearly reaches the 1 dm level. With respect to kinematic scenarios, the accuracy stays at the cm level for horizontal components and dm level for the vertical component at two stations. In terms of velocity estimation, the horizontal accuracy stays at a sub-mm level, and the vertical accuracy is better than 2 mm/s in the BDS-3 scenario, even in the Arctic. In terms of time and frequency transfer, the noise level of BDS-3 time links can reach 0.096 ns for long-distances link NT01–TP02 and 0.016 ns for short-distance links TP01–TP02. Frequency stability reaches 5E–14 accuracy when the averaging time is within 10,000 s for NT01–TP02 and 1E–15 for TP01–TP02.